How Does Red Light Therapy Work?
Red vs Near Infrared Light
Red Light:
Red light, which is visible to the human eye, has wavelengths ranging from 600 to 700 nanometers (nm). It primarily works on the surface of the skin, helping to improve skin health, boost collagen production, and support hair growth.
Near-Infrared Light:
Near-infrared light is invisible to the human eye and has wavelengths between 700 and 1200 nm. It penetrates deeper into the body, targeting muscles, joints, and bones to aid in recovery and reduce inflammation.
The Science Behind RLT
One of the most widely researched effects of red and near-infrared light therapy is its ability to support cellular energy production. This process takes place in the mitochondria, which are the parts of our cells responsible for generating energy.
These wavelengths of light are believed to interact with a specific enzyme called cytochrome c oxidase. This enzyme plays a critical role in the electron transport chain, a process that helps the cell produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main energy source the body relies on for nearly all functions.
The Optical Window
The optical window, also known as the therapeutic window, refers to the range of light wavelengths that can penetrate deepest into body tissue. This range is effective because shorter wavelengths (below 600nm) are mostly absorbed by blood, while longer wavelengths (above 900nm) are absorbed by water.
Our devices are designed to emit light within the most effective part of this window, helping to achieve deeper tissue penetration and optimal mitochondrial stimulation.
Modern Humans are "Mal-Illuminated"
Light is essential for human health and supports many biological functions throughout the body. The sun’s spectrum includes ultraviolet (UV), visible, and infrared light, each with its own unique benefits. For instance, UVB light is crucial for the production of vitamin D, while blue light helps regulate our internal body clock, known as the circadian rhythm.
Despite its importance, modern lifestyles limit our exposure to natural sunlight. We spend most of our time indoors, whether at home, in transit, or at work, which reduces the positive impact that sunlight has on our well-being.
Modern Humans are Red and Near Infrared Light Deficient
Most modern indoor lighting, including LED and CFL bulbs, lacks the beneficial wavelengths found in red and near-infrared light. On top of that, the intensity (irradiance) of typical indoor light is much lower than what we get from natural sunlight, even on overcast days.
Energy-efficient windows in homes, offices, and vehicles also block a significant portion of these helpful wavelengths. As a result, our shift to indoor living over the past century has led to a dramatic reduction in daily exposure to light that plays a vital role in health and cellular function.
More ATP = Improved Cellular Function
Red and near-infrared light work by stimulating the mitochondria, which increases the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Since nearly every cell in the human body contains mitochondria (except red blood cells), most cells can potentially benefit from this light therapy.
In simple terms, when your cells have more energy available, they perform their functions more efficiently and effectively.